Physics Calculators
Last updated: October 2026
Capacitor Energy and Discharge Calculator
Find the energy a capacitor stores (½CV²) and how much is left after it discharges through a resistor for a given time, with the remaining voltage, charge and RC time constant.
Kinetic and Potential Energy Calculator
Compute total mechanical energy E = ½mv² + mgh from an object's mass, velocity, and height — combining kinetic energy from motion and gravitational potential energy from elevation.
Gravitational Force Calculator
Calculates the gravitational force between two masses separated by a given distance, using Newton's law of universal gravitation.
Force Calculator (Newton's Second Law)
Calculate the net force on an object from its mass and acceleration with Newton's second law, F = m × a, in newtons.
Gravitational Potential Energy Calculator
Calculate gravitational potential energy, PE = m × g × h, for an object of a given mass at a height above a reference level, on Earth or with any other gravitational acceleration.
Fluid Flow Calculator
Computes volumetric flow rate, dynamic pressure, and total Bernoulli head for fluid moving through a pipe.
Electrical Power Calculator
Calculates electrical power in watts from voltage and current using P = V × I.
Capacitor Discharge Calculator
Calculates the voltage, current, or RC time constant as a capacitor discharges through a resistor over time.
Spring Oscillation Calculator
Find the period, frequency, maximum velocity, or restoring force of a mass-spring system.
Thin Lens Calculator
Compute image distance, magnification, or lens power for converging and diverging thin lenses.
Ohm's Law Solver (V = IR)
Solve Ohm's law for voltage, current or resistance: pick the unknown, enter the other two values and get V = I × R rearranged for you.
Wavelength to Frequency Calculator
Convert the wavelength of light or radio waves to frequency with f = c ÷ λ.
Escape Velocity Calculator
Calculate the escape velocity of a planet, moon or star, v = √(2GM/r), from its mass in kilograms and the distance from its center in meters.
Frequency to Wavelength Calculator (Vacuum, Air, Water, Glass)
Convert a frequency in Hz, kHz, MHz, GHz or THz to wavelength with λ = c ÷ (n × f).
Wavenumber Converter (cm⁻¹ to Wavelength, Frequency, eV)
Convert between wavenumber (cm⁻¹), wavelength (nm, µm), frequency (THz) and photon energy (eV, kJ/mol) for IR, Raman and UV-visible spectroscopy, using ν̃ = 1/λ, f = c·ν̃ and E = h·c·ν̃ with CODATA constants.
Antenna Length Calculator (Half-Wave Dipole, Quarter-Wave)
Calculate the length of a half-wave dipole, quarter-wave vertical or 5/8-wave vertical from the operating frequency and the wire's velocity factor (0.95 gives the classic 468/f feet).
Density Calculator
Calculate the density of a material from its mass and volume, in g/cm³ (the same as g/mL; multiply by 1,000 for kg/m³).