Crypto Mining Profitability Calculator
Calculate daily Bitcoin mining profit from hash rate, power draw, electricity cost, network difficulty, and BTC price. Use it before buying ASICs to determine whether mining is profitable at current network and energy conditions.
Last updated: May 2026
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About this calculator
The formula computes daily revenue minus daily power cost: dailyProfit = (hashRate × 10^12 / networkDifficulty) × blockReward × cryptoPrice × 144 − (powerConsumption × 24 × electricityCost / 1000). The first term: hashRate (in TH/s, multiplied by 10^12 to convert to hashes per second) divided by network difficulty gives your share of solving the next block; multiplied by block reward (the formula uses 6.25 BTC — note that after the April 2024 halving, the current reward is 3.125 BTC; verify the current epoch before relying on the output); times BTC price (USD/BTC); times 144 (blocks per day at 10-min average block time). The second term: power consumption in watts × 24 hours / 1000 converts to kWh/day, multiplied by electricity cost gives daily power cost. Edge cases: zero hashRate or zero price produces zero revenue; very high electricity cost flips profit to loss. Critical factors the formula does not capture: 1) Block reward halvings (every 4 years; April 2024 was 6.25 → 3.125 BTC) — update the formula constant for current epoch. 2) Mining pool fees (typically 1–3%) — multiply revenue by 0.97–0.99. 3) Hardware depreciation — ASICs cost $2,000–$15,000 and last 2–5 years; amortize against profit. 4) Cooling and infrastructure costs — large operations need 20–30% additional power for cooling. 5) Network difficulty adjustment — difficulty rises ~2 weeks adjustment cycle; if BTC price stays flat while hash rate grows, difficulty rises and profit declines. 6) Pool variance and bad luck — individual blocks are stochastic; small miners experience high variance. As of late 2025, profitable home mining requires sub-$0.06/kWh electricity and modern ASICs (Antminer S21, WhatsMiner M60 series); higher-rate locations generally cannot compete with industrial operations using stranded renewable energy in Texas, Paraguay, and Kazakhstan.
How to use
Example 1 — Modern ASIC at industrial rate. Antminer S21 Pro: 234 TH/s, 3,531W power consumption. Industrial electricity rate $0.05/kWh; current network difficulty ~110 trillion (2025); BTC at $100,000. Enter hashRate 234, powerConsumption 3531, electricityCost 0.05, networkDifficulty 110000000000000, cryptoPrice 100000. Revenue term (using formula's 6.25): (234 × 10^12 / 110 × 10^12) × 6.25 × 100000 × 144 = 2.127 × 10^-12 × 90000000 ≈ $19.14/day at 6.25 reward. With current 3.125 reward, halve it to ~$9.57. Cost term: 3531 × 24 × 0.05 / 1000 = $4.24/day. Net profit at current 3.125 reward: ~$5.33/day or $160/month. ✓ Reasonable for a $7,000 S21 Pro at low electric rates; payback period ~3–4 years before hardware depreciation. Example 2 — Home miner at consumer rate. Same Antminer S21 Pro, but home electricity at $0.15/kWh. Same hashRate, powerConsumption, networkDifficulty, cryptoPrice; electricityCost 0.15. Revenue same: ~$9.57/day at current 3.125 reward. Cost: 3531 × 24 × 0.15 / 1000 = $12.71/day. Net profit: 9.57 − 12.71 = −$3.14/day = losing $94/month. ✗ Not profitable at consumer rates with current difficulty and price. Home mining typically requires sub-$0.08/kWh electricity to be profitable on modern hardware; below $0.05/kWh is competitive with industrial operations.
Frequently asked questions
What is mining difficulty and how does it affect profit?
Network difficulty is a self-adjusting value that maintains Bitcoin's ~10-minute average block time regardless of total network hash rate. When more miners join the network and total hash rate rises, difficulty automatically rises every 2,016 blocks (~2 weeks) to keep block time constant. The result: your share of the network's output is determined by yourHashRate / networkDifficulty — if difficulty doubles while your hash rate stays constant, your revenue halves. Difficulty has trended steadily upward since 2009 with brief drops during major hash-rate exits (China ban May 2021, post-bear-market 2022). As of late 2025, difficulty is roughly 100–120 trillion, up from 4 trillion in 2019. Implication for profitability: a mining setup profitable today becomes less profitable over time as difficulty grows, unless offset by rising BTC price. Most profit modeling assumes flat conditions; real-world miners face 5–15% annual revenue erosion from rising difficulty if price is flat. Always model difficulty growth (Lyn Alden, Hashrate Index publish projections) when calculating ROI on hardware purchases.
How does the Bitcoin halving affect mining?
Every 210,000 blocks (~4 years), the block reward halves. The schedule: 50 BTC (2009), 25 (2012), 12.5 (2016), 6.25 (2020), 3.125 (April 2024), 1.5625 (~2028), 0.78125 (~2032), with the last halving around 2140. Each halving instantly cuts mining revenue in half, often forcing less-efficient miners offline. Mining profitability before each halving is usually high; immediately after the halving, marginal miners exit, difficulty drops or stagnates, and surviving miners eventually return to similar margins (if price rises to compensate). Historically, BTC price has risen substantially in the 12–18 months following each halving — though correlation is not causation, and the small sample size (only 4 halvings) makes statistical conclusions tentative. For mining ROI calculations: model the next halving date in your timeline; assume the post-halving revenue cuts in half until price recovery; be conservative with ROI assumptions that span a halving boundary. Mining hardware purchases late in a halving cycle (12+ months before next halving) often have poor ROI because the halving cuts revenue before payback.
Is home Bitcoin mining still profitable in 2025–2026?
Generally no for consumer electricity rates ($0.10+/kWh). Industrial mining operations in Texas, Paraguay, Iceland, and Kazakhstan access electricity at $0.03–0.06/kWh and dominate efficient hash rate. As of late 2025, profitable home mining requires sub-$0.08/kWh electricity, modern ASIC hardware ($5,000–15,000 per unit), and ideally direct integration with home heating (using ASIC heat to warm a space). Specific edge cases where home mining can work: 1) Off-grid solar/wind with otherwise stranded energy; 2) Heating-integrated mining in cold climates; 3) Hash-price hedging by miners who hold BTC long-term regardless of short-term profit. For purely economic returns at consumer electricity rates, buying BTC directly typically beats mining. Mining for ideological reasons (decentralization support, sovereignty), as a hobby, or for tax benefits in specific jurisdictions remains viable; for pure profit at retail scale, the math no longer works. Pool-based "share" mining via NiceHash or similar services lets you participate without owning ASICs, but profitability after pool fees is also marginal for hobbyists.
What are the most common mining-profitability mistakes?
The biggest is using outdated block reward (6.25 BTC) post-April 2024 halving — actual is 3.125 BTC, halving revenue. The second is ignoring difficulty growth over the ROI timeline; difficulty grows 10–30% per year and erodes profitability. The third is forgetting pool fees (1–3%), pool payout fees, and BTC withdrawal fees; net to your wallet is 95–97% of gross revenue. The fourth is not accounting for hardware depreciation; an Antminer S21 lasts 3–5 years before failing or being obsoleted by newer models, and the residual value at end of life is 5–20% of purchase. The fifth is ignoring cooling and infrastructure power overhead; large-scale operations need 20–30% additional power for HVAC. The sixth is using wishful electricity rates; verify with your actual utility bill, including time-of-use peaks that can run $0.30/kWh in some markets. The seventh is failing to model BTC price scenarios; profitability calculations at $100K BTC look great but the same setup at $40K BTC may lose money. The eighth is not considering tax treatment — mining income is ordinary income at fair market value when mined (US), not capital gains; this can significantly affect after-tax returns. The ninth is investing in non-Bitcoin mining (ETH ended PoS mining in September 2022; other PoW coins have tiny markets and high volatility risk).
When should I not rely on this calculator?
Skip it for non-Bitcoin PoW coins (Litecoin, Monero, Ergo, others) where block reward, difficulty units, and ASIC specifics differ; use coin-specific calculators (whattomine.com, minerstat, hashrate.no). It is the wrong tool for ETH "mining" — Ethereum moved to proof-of-stake September 2022 and no longer has mining at all. Do not use it for cloud mining contracts; cloud mining is essentially a fixed-revenue contract minus large fees, and most cloud-mining services have been unprofitable or outright scams. For ASIC manufacturer profitability claims (Bitmain, MicroBT, Canaan websites), assume their numbers use optimistic difficulty and BTC price assumptions; calculate yourself with conservative inputs. For mining pool comparisons, the formula does not distinguish pool reliability, payout schemes (PPS, FPPS, PPLNS), or geographic latency; pick a major pool (Foundry, AntPool, F2Pool, ViaBTC) and use industry-standard fees. For evaluating energy contracts with mining-specific demand-response programs (curtailment for grid stability in Texas), the profitability math becomes more complex; consult specialized mining-energy consulting. And for evaluating ASIC purchases at retail markup vs direct from manufacturer, factor in the price premium; secondary-market ASICs at half-price after manufacturer release can flip ROI significantly.