Compare calculators

Both calculators run independently — change the inputs on either side to compare results.

Polarization & Malus Law Calculator

Calculates transmitted light intensity after passing through one or more polarizers using Malus's Law. Use it when designing optical systems, analyzing polarized filters, or studying light attenuation in physics labs.

Initial Light Intensity (W/m²)

Polarizer Angle (degrees)

Number of Polarizers

Fill in the required fields to see your result.

Optics

Snell's Law Refraction Calculator

Calculate the refraction angle when light passes between two media using Snell's Law. Use it in optics coursework, lens design, or to find the critical angle for total internal reflection.

Incident Angle (degrees)

First Medium Refractive Index

Second Medium Refractive Index

Fill in the required fields to see your result.

Key differences

	Polarization & Malus Law Calculator	Snell's Law Refraction Calculator
Category	Optics	Optics
Inputs required	3	3
Result	Transmitted Intensity (W/m²)	Refracted Angle (degrees)
What it does	Calculates transmitted light intensity after passing through one or more polarizers using Malus's Law. Use it when designing optical systems, analyzing polarized filters, or studying light attenuation in physics labs.	Calculate the refraction angle when light passes between two media using Snell's Law. Use it in optics coursework, lens design, or to find the critical angle for total internal reflection.